Skip to main content
Home
Zeitschriften
Zeitungen
Podcast
Gesundheitspolitik
Praxis
Allerlei
Jobs
Fachgebiete
Allgemeinmedizin Anästhesiologie & Intensivmedizin Apotheke Augenheilkunde Chirurgie Dermatologie Gynäkologie und Geburtshilfe HNO Innere Medizin Kinder & Jugendheilkunde Neurologie & Psychiatrie Orthopädie & Unfallchirurgie Pflege Urologie Zahnmedizin
Subfächer Innere Medizin
Diabetologie Gastroenterologie Infektiologie Kardiologie Onkologie und Hämatologie Pneumologie Rheumatologie
Fortbildungen
Überblick Fortbildungen DFP-Literaturstudium-Artikel DFP-Webcast Fortbildungen DFP-Podcasts
Erweiterte Suche
Anmelden
nach oben
European Surgery
Erschienen in:

18.03.2019 | review

Diagnosis and treatment of microvascular invasion in hepatocellular carcinoma

verfasst von: Rui-Sheng Ke, MD, PhD, Qiu-cheng Cai, MD, PhD, Yong-tai Chen, MD, Li-Zhi Lv, MD, Yi Jiang, MD, PhD

Erschienen in: European Surgery | Ausgabe 2/2020

Einloggen, um Zugang zu erhalten

Summary

Background

Microvascular invasion (MVI) is currently only confirmed by histopathological studies of surgical specimens. Preoperative diagnosis of MVI combined with clinical treatment is still a research problem and direction in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). How to assess the presence of MVI early and give appropriate treatment has become a research hotspot.

Methods

This review focuses on recent advances in MVI-related research, including the use of serum markers, tumor tissue markers, and new imaging techniques to predict MVI, as well as the molecular biology mechanisms and therapeutic advances in MVI.

Results

The emergence of MVI may be caused by the interaction of many complex biological processes and various pathogenic factors. We need to try to select several risk factors and establish a systematic evaluation method to solve their respective deficiencies, so as to provide more practical applications for the preoperative prediction of MVI program. Simultaneously, the preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative comprehensive treatment strategies for MVI are particularly important.

Conclusion

The presence of MVI is thought to reflect increased capacity for local infiltration and distant metastases and affects the prognosis of HCC patients. To accurately assess MVI early based on some biomarkers prior to surgery, we need to work hard to explore and integrate various treatments to create a personalized treatment plan for MVI.
Vorheriger Artikel How disease looks at us
Nächster Artikel Differences in the recommendation of laparoscopic clinical practice guidelines according to the recommendation system—Re-evaluation using GRADE
Literatur
1.
2.
Forner A, Llovet JM, Bruix J. Hepatocellular carcinoma. Lancet. 2012;379(9822):1245–55.PubMed
3.
Banerjee S, Wang DS, Kim HJ, et al. A computed tomography radiogenomic biomarker predicts microvascular invasion and clinical outcomes in hepatocellular carcinoma. Hepatology. 2015;62(3):792–800.PubMed
4.
5.
Jang SY, Park SY, Lee HW, et al. The combination of periostin overexpression and microvascular invasion is related to a poor prognosis for hepatocellular carcinoma. Gut Liver. 2016;10(6):948–54.PubMedPubMedCentral
6.
Zhang X, Li J, Shen F. Significance of presence of microvascular invasion in specimens obtained after surgical treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma. 2017.
7.
Pote N, Cauchy F, Albuquerque M, et al. Performance of PIVKA-II for early hepatocellular carcinoma diagnosis and prediction of microvascular invasion. J Hepatol. 2015;62(4):848–54.PubMed
8.
Strilic B, Yang L, Albarran-Juarez J, et al. Tumour-cell-induced endothelial cell necroptosis via death receptor 6 promotes metastasis. Nature. 2016;536(7615):215–8.PubMed
9.
Ding T, Xu J, Zhang Y, et al. Endothelium-coated tumor clusters are associated with poor prognosis and micrometastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma after resection. Cancer. 2011;117(21):4878–89.PubMed
10.
Roayaie S, Blume IN, Thung SN, et al. A system of classifying microvascular invasion to predict outcome after resection in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. Gastroenterology. 2009;137(3):850–5.PubMed
11.
Sumie S, Nakashima O, Okuda K, et al. The significance of classifying microvascular invasion in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. Ann Surg Oncol. 2014;21(3):1002–9.PubMed
12.
Rodriguez-Peralvarez M, Luong TV, Andreana L, Meyer T, Dhillon AP, Burroughs AK. A systematic review of microvascular invasion in hepatocellular carcinoma: diagnostic and prognostic variability. Ann Surg Oncol. 2013;20(1):325–39.PubMed
13.
Imura S, Teraoku H, Yoshikawa M, et al. Potential predictive factors for microvascular invasion in hepatocellular carcinoma classified within the Milan criteria. Int J Clin Oncol. 2018;23(1):98–103.PubMed
14.
Shirabe K, Toshima T, Kimura K, et al. New scoring system for prediction of microvascular invasion in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. Liver Int. 2014;34(6):937–41.PubMed
15.
McHugh PP, Gilbert J, Vera S, Koch A, Ranjan D, Gedaly R. Alpha-fetoprotein and tumour size are associated with microvascular invasion in explanted livers of patients undergoing transplantation with hepatocellular carcinoma. HPB (Oxford). 2010;12(1):56–61.
16.
Kim BK, Han KH, Park YN, et al. Prediction of microvascular invasion before curative resection of hepatocellular carcinoma. J Surg Oncol. 2008;97(3):246–52.PubMed
17.
Shindoh J, Andreou A, Aloia TA, et al. Microvascular invasion does not predict long-term survival in hepatocellular carcinoma up to 2 cm: reappraisal of the staging system for solitary tumors. Ann Surg Oncol. 2013;20(4):1223–9.PubMed
18.
Eguchi S, Takatsuki M, Hidaka M, et al. Predictor for histological microvascular invasion of hepatocellular carcinoma: a lesson from 229 consecutive cases of curative liver resection. World J Surg. 2010;34(5):1034–8.PubMed
19.
Yamashita Y, Tsuijita E, Takeishi K, et al. Predictors for microinvasion of small hepatocellular carcinoma 〈/= 2 cm. Ann Surg Oncol. 2012;19(6):2027–34.PubMed
20.
Gouw AS, Balabaud C, Kusano H, Todo S, Ichida T, Kojiro M. Markers for microvascular invasion in hepatocellular carcinoma: where do we stand? Liver Transplant. 2011;17(Suppl 2):S72–S80.
21.
Zhao WC, Fan LF, Yang N, Zhang HB, Chen BD, Yang GS. Preoperative predictors of microvascular invasion in multinodular hepatocellular carcinoma. Eur J Surg Oncol. 2013;39(8):858–64.PubMed
22.
Hou YF, Wei YG, Yang JY, et al. Microvascular invasion patterns affect survival in hepatocellular carcinoma patients after second hepatectomy. J Surg Res. 2016;200(1):82–90.PubMed
23.
Esnaola NF, Lauwers GY, Mirza NQ, et al. Predictors of microvascular invasion in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma who are candidates for orthotopic liver transplantation. J Gastrointest Surg. 2002;6(2):224–32. discussion 232.PubMed
24.
Fujita N, Aishima S, Iguchi T, et al. Histologic classification of microscopic portal venous invasion to predict prognosis in hepatocellular carcinoma. Hum Pathol. 2011;42(10):1531–8.PubMed
25.
Siegel AB, Wang S, Jacobson JS, et al. Obesity and microvascular invasion in hepatocellular carcinoma. Cancer Invest. 2010;28(10):1063–9.PubMedPubMedCentral
26.
Yan X, Fu X, Deng M, et al. Infiltrative hepatocellular carcinoma: assessment of factors associated with outcomes in patients undergoing hepatectomy. Medicine. 2016;95(19):e3589.PubMedPubMedCentral
27.
Ding ZB, Shi YH, Zhou J, et al. Liver-intestine cadherin predicts microvascular invasion and poor prognosis of hepatitis B virus-positive hepatocellular carcinoma. Cancer. 2009;115(20):4753–65.PubMed
28.
29.
Yu Y, Song J, Zhang R, et al. Preoperative neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio and tumor-related factors to predict microvascular invasion in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. Oncotarget. 2017;8(45):79722–30.PubMedPubMedCentral
30.
Pote N, Cauchy F, Albuquerque M, et al. Contribution of virtual biopsy to the screening of microvascular invasion in hepatocellular carcinoma: a pilot study. Liver Int. 2018;38(4):687–94.PubMed
31.
Agopian VG, Harlander-Locke MP, Markovic D, et al. Evaluation of patients with hepatocellular carcinomas that do not produce alpha-fetoprotein. JAMA Surg. 2017;152(1):55–64.PubMed
32.
33.
Zheng J, Seier K, Gonen M, et al. Utility of serum inflammatory markers for predicting microvascular invasion and survival for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. Ann Surg Oncol. 2017;24(12):3706–14.PubMedPubMedCentral
34.
Kaibori M, Ishizaki M, Matsui K, Kwon AH. Predictors of microvascular invasion before hepatectomy for hepatocellular carcinoma. J Surg Oncol. 2010;102(5):462–8.PubMed
35.
Miyaaki H, Nakashima O, Kurogi M, Eguchi K, Kojiro M. Lens culinaris agglutinin-reactive alpha-fetoprotein and protein induced by vitamin K absence II are potential indicators of a poor prognosis: a histopathological study of surgically resected hepatocellular carcinoma. J Gastroenterol. 2007;42(12):962–8.PubMed
36.
Iguchi T, Shirabe K, Aishima S, et al. New pathologic stratification of microvascular invasion in Hepatocellular carcinoma: predicting prognosis after living-donor liver transplantation. Transplantation. 2015;99(6):1236–42.PubMed
37.
Zhang X, Li J, Shen F, Lau WY. Significance of presence of microvascular invasion in specimens obtained after surgical treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma. J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2018;33(2):347–54.PubMed
38.
Tsang F, Au S, Wei L, et al. Long non-coding RNA HOTTIP is frequently up-regulated in hepatocellular carcinoma and is targeted by tumour suppressive miR-125b. Liver Int. 2015;35(5):1597–606.PubMed
39.
Liu M, Wang L, Zhu H, et al. A preoperative measurement of serum microRNA-125b May predict the presence of Microvascular invasion in hepatocellular carcinomas patients. Transl Oncol. 2016;9(3):167–72.PubMedPubMedCentral
40.
Yu YQ, Wang L, Jin Y, et al. Identification of serologic biomarkers for predicting microvascular invasion in hepatocellular carcinoma. Oncotarget. 2016;7(13):16362–71.PubMedPubMedCentral
41.
Lao X, Wang X, Liu Y, et al. Association of paraoxonase 1 gene polymorphisms with the risk of hepatitis B virus-related liver diseases in a Guangxi population: a case-control study. Medicine. 2015;94(48):e2179.PubMedPubMedCentral
42.
Huang C, Wang Y, Liu S, et al. Quantitative proteomic analysis identified paraoxonase 1 as a novel serum biomarker for microvascular invasion in hepatocellular carcinoma. J Proteome Res. 2013;12(4):1838–46.PubMed
43.
Lee S, Kim SH, Lee JE, Sinn DH, Park CK. Preoperative gadoxetic acid-enhanced MRI for predicting microvascular invasion in patients with single hepatocellular carcinoma. J Hepatol. 2017;67(3):526–34.PubMed
44.
Wu TH, Hatano E, Yamanaka K, et al. A non-smooth tumor margin on preoperative imaging predicts microvascular invasion of hepatocellular carcinoma. Surg Today. 2016;46(11):1275–81.PubMed
45.
Chou CT, Chen RC, Lin WC, Ko CJ, Chen CB, Chen YL. Prediction of microvascular invasion of hepatocellular carcinoma: preoperative CT and histopathologic correlation. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2014;203(3):W253–W9.PubMed
46.
Chou CT, Chen RC, Lee CW, Ko CJ, Wu HK, Chen YL. Prediction of microvascular invasion of hepatocellular carcinoma by pre-operative CT imaging. Br J Radiol. 2012;85(1014):778–83.PubMedPubMedCentral
47.
Cheung TT, Chan SC, Ho CL, et al. Can positron emission tomography with the dual tracers [11 C]acetate and [18 F]fludeoxyglucose predict microvascular invasion in hepatocellular carcinoma? Liver Transplant. 2011;17(10):1218–25.
48.
Hyun SH, Eo JS, Song BI, et al. Preoperative prediction of microvascular invasion of hepatocellular carcinoma using (18)F-FDG PET/CT: a multicenter retrospective cohort study. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging. 2018;45(5):720–6.PubMed
49.
Xu P, Zeng M, Liu K, Shan Y, Xu C, Lin J. Microvascular invasion in small hepatocellular carcinoma: is it predictable with preoperative diffusion-weighted imaging? J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2014;29(2):330–6.PubMed
50.
Yang C, Wang H, Sheng R, Ji Y, Rao S, Zeng M. Microvascular invasion in hepatocellular carcinoma: is it predictable with a new, preoperative application of diffusion-weighted imaging? Clin Imaging. 2017;41:101–5.PubMed
51.
Wang WT, Yang L, Yang ZX, et al. Assessment of microvascular invasion of hepatocellular carcinoma with diffusion Kurtosis imaging. Radiology. 2018;286(2):571–80.PubMed
52.
Peng J, Zhang J, Zhang Q, Xu Y, Zhou J, Liu L. A radiomics nomogram for preoperative prediction of microvascular invasion risk in hepatitis B virus-related hepatocellular carcinoma. Diagnostic Interv Radiol. 2018;24(3):121–7.
53.
Li H, Zhang J, Zheng Z, et al. Preoperative histogram analysis of intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) for predicting microvascular invasion in patients with single hepatocellular carcinoma. Eur J Radiol. 2018;105:65–71.PubMed
54.
Zhao W, Liu W, Liu H, et al. Preoperative prediction of microvascular invasion of hepatocellular carcinoma with IVIM diffusion-weighted MR imaging and Gd-EOB-DTPA-enhanced MR imaging. PLoS ONE. 2018;13(5):e197488.PubMedPubMedCentral
55.
Marquardt JU, Galle PR, Teufel A. Molecular diagnosis and therapy of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC): an emerging field for advanced technologies. J Hepatol. 2012;56(1):267–75.PubMed
56.
Ye J, Wu D, Wu P, Chen Z, Huang J. The cancer stem cell niche: cross talk between cancer stem cells and their microenvironment. Tumour Biol. 2014;35(5):3945–51.PubMed
57.
Wei X, Li N, Li S, et al. Hepatitis B virus infection and active replication promote the formation of vascular invasion in hepatocellular carcinoma. BMC Cancer. 2017;17(1):304.PubMedPubMedCentral
58.
Yang P, Li QJ, Feng Y, et al. TGF-beta-miR-34a-CCL22 signaling-induced Treg cell recruitment promotes venous metastases of HBV-positive hepatocellular carcinoma. Cancer Cell. 2012;22(3):291–303.PubMedPubMedCentral
59.
Yuan SX, Yang F, Yang Y, et al. Long noncoding RNA associated with microvascular invasion in hepatocellular carcinoma promotes angiogenesis and serves as a predictor for hepatocellular carcinoma patients’ poor recurrence-free survival after hepatectomy. Hepatology. 2012;56(6):2231–41.PubMed
60.
Pote N, Alexandrov T, Le Faouder J, et al. Imaging mass spectrometry reveals modified forms of histone H4 as new biomarkers of microvascular invasion in hepatocellular carcinomas. Hepatology. 2013;58(3):983–94.PubMed
61.
Xu L, Zhang M, Zheng X, Yi P, Lan C, Xu M. The circular RNA ciRS-7 (Cdr1as) acts as a risk factor of hepatic microvascular invasion in hepatocellular carcinoma. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol. 2017;143(1):17–27.PubMed
62.
Xu ZY, Ding SM, Zhou L, et al. FOXC1 contributes to microvascular invasion in primary hepatocellular carcinoma via regulating epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Int J Biol Sci. 2012;8(8):1130–41.PubMedPubMedCentral
63.
Fransvea E, Mazzocca A, Antonaci S, Giannelli G. Targeting transforming growth factor (TGF)-betaRI inhibits activation of beta1 integrin and blocks vascular invasion in hepatocellular carcinoma. Hepatology. 2009;49(3):839–50.PubMed
64.
Minguez B, Hoshida Y, Villanueva A, et al. Gene-expression signature of vascular invasion in hepatocellular carcinoma. J Hepatol. 2011;55(6):1325–31.PubMedPubMedCentral
65.
Huang KT, Kuo IY, Tsai MC, et al. Factor VII-induced microRNA-135a inhibits autophagy and is associated with poor prognosis in hepatocellular carcinoma. Mol Ther Nucleic Acids. 2017;9:274:283.
66.
67.
Govaere O, Petz M, Wouters J, et al. The PDGFRalpha-laminin B1-keratin 19 cascade drives tumor progression at the invasive front of human hepatocellular carcinoma. Oncogene. 2017;36(47):6605–16.PubMedPubMedCentral
68.
Fu L, Chen Q, Yao T, et al. Hsa_circ_0005986 inhibits carcinogenesis by acting as a miR-129-5p sponge and is used as a novel biomarker for hepatocellular carcinoma. Oncotarget. 2017;8(27):43878–88.PubMedPubMedCentral
69.
Zhu XT, Yuan JH, Zhu TT, Li YY, Cheng XY. Long noncoding RNA glypican 3 (GPC3) antisense transcript 1 promotes hepatocellular carcinoma progression via epigenetically activating GPC3. FEBS J. 2016;283(20):3739–54.PubMed
70.
Jeon Y, Kim H, Jang ES, et al. Expression profile and prognostic value of glypican-3 in post-operative South Korean hepatocellular carcinoma patients. APMIS. 2016;124(3):208–15.PubMed
71.
Calderaro J, Rousseau B, Amaddeo G, et al. Programmed death ligand 1 expression in hepatocellular carcinoma: relationship with clinical and pathological features. Hepatology. 2016;64(6):2038–46.PubMed
72.
Liu WT, Jing YY, Yu GF, et al. Toll like receptor 4 facilitates invasion and migration as a cancer stem cell marker in hepatocellular carcinoma. Cancer Lett. 2015;358(2):136–43.PubMed
73.
Cai Z, Zeng Y, Xu B, et al. Galectin-4 serves as a prognostic biomarker for the early recurrence/metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma. Cancer Sci. 2014;105(11):1510–7.PubMedPubMedCentral
74.
Govaere O, Komuta M, Berkers J, et al. Keratin 19: a key role player in the invasion of human hepatocellular carcinomas. Gut. 2014;63(4):674–85.PubMed
75.
Park Y, Yu E. Expression of metallothionein-1 and metallothionein-2 as a prognostic marker in hepatocellular carcinoma. J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2013;28(9):1565–72.PubMed
76.
Shim JH, Lee HC, Han S, Kang HJ, Yu E, Lee SG. Hepatocyte nuclear factor 1beta is a novel prognostic marker independent of the Milan criteria in transplantable hepatocellular carcinoma: a retrospective analysis based on tissue microarrays. Liver Transplant. 2013;19(3):336–45.
77.
Chung KY, Cheng IK, Ching AK, Chu JH, Lai PB, Wong N. Block of proliferation 1 (BOP1) plays an oncogenic role in hepatocellular carcinoma by promoting epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. hepatology. 2011;54(1):307–18.PubMed
78.
Yang B, Liu Y, Zhao J, et al. Ectopic overexpression of filamin C scaffolds MEK1/2 and ERK1/2 to promote the progression of human hepatocellular carcinoma. Cancer Lett. 2017;388:167–76.PubMed
79.
Liu Z, Chang Q, Yang F, et al. Long non-coding RNA NEAT1 overexpression is associated with unfavorable prognosis in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma after hepatectomy: a Chinese population-based study. Eur J Surg Oncol. 2017;43(9):1697–703.PubMed
80.
Zhou ZJ, Dai Z, Zhou SL, et al. Overexpression of HnRNP A1 promotes tumor invasion through regulating CD44v6 and indicates poor prognosis for hepatocellular carcinoma. Int J Cancer. 2013;132(5):1080–9.PubMed
81.
Zhuang LK, Yang YT, Ma X, et al. MicroRNA-92b promotes hepatocellular carcinoma progression by targeting Smad7 and is mediated by long non-coding RNA XIST. Cell Death Dis. 2016;7:e2203.PubMedPubMedCentral
82.
Xiao C, Wang C, Cheng S, et al. The significance of low levels of LINC RP1130-1 expression in human hepatocellular carcinoma. Biosci Trends. 2016;10(5):378–85.PubMed
83.
Nault JC, Galle PR, Marquardt JU. The role of molecular enrichment on future therapies in hepatocellular carcinoma. J Hepatol. 2018;69(1):237–47.PubMed
84.
Yamashita Y, Shirabe K, Aishima S, Maehara Y. Predictors of microvascular invasion in hepatocellular carcinoma. Dig Dis. 2015;33(5):655–60.PubMed
85.
Agopian VG, Harlander-Locke M, Zarrinpar A, et al. A novel prognostic nomogram accurately predicts hepatocellular carcinoma recurrence after liver transplantation: analysis of 865 consecutive liver transplant recipients. J Am Coll Surg. 2015;220(4):416–27.PubMed
86.
Yamashita YI, Imai K, Yusa T, et al. Microvascular invasion of single small hepatocellular carcinoma 〈/=3 cm: Predictors and optimal treatments. Ann Gastroenterol Surg. 2018;2(3):197–203.PubMedPubMedCentral
87.
Zhao H, Hua Y, Lu Z, et al. Prognostic value and preoperative predictors of microvascular invasion in solitary hepatocellular carcinoma 〈/= 5 cm without macrovascular invasion. Oncotarget. 2017;8(37):61203–14.PubMedPubMedCentral
88.
Cucchetti A, Piscaglia F, Grigioni AD, et al. Preoperative prediction of hepatocellular carcinoma tumour grade and micro-vascular invasion by means of artificial neural network: a pilot study. J Hepatol. 2010;52(6):880–8.PubMed
89.
Lei Z, Li J, Wu D, et al. Nomogram for preoperative estimation of microvascular invasion risk in hepatitis B virus-related hepatocellular carcinoma within the Milan criteria. JAMA Surg. 2016;151(4):356–63.PubMed
90.
Lai Q, Nicolini D, Inostroza Nunez M, et al. A novel prognostic index in patients with hepatocellular cancer waiting for liver transplantation: time-radiological-response-alpha-fetoprotein-INflammation (TRAIN) score. Ann Surg. 2016;264(5):787–96.PubMed
91.
Pote N, Cauchy F, Albuquerque M, et al. Contribution of virtual biopsy to the screening of microvascular invasion in hepatocellular carcinoma: A pilot study. Liver Int. 2018;38(4):687–94.PubMed
92.
Lim KC, Chow PK, Allen JC, et al. Microvascular invasion is a better predictor of tumor recurrence and overall survival following surgical resection for hepatocellular carcinoma compared to the Milan criteria. Ann Surg. 2011;254(1):108–13.PubMed
93.
Bockhorn M, Sotiropoulos G, Neuhaus J, et al. Prognostic impact of intrahepatic lymphatic and microvascular involvement in cases of colorectal liver metastases. Int J Colorectal Dis. 2009;24(7):845–50.PubMed
94.
Ho CM, Hu RH, Lee PH, Wu YM, Ho MC. Long-term survival in patients with T2 hepatocellular carcinoma after primary curative resection can be further stratified by tumor size. Medicine. 2014;93(27):e203.PubMedPubMedCentral
95.
Grat M, Stypulkowski J, Patkowski W, et al. Limitations of predicting microvascular invasion in patients with hepatocellular cancer prior to liver transplantation. Sci Rep. 2017;7:39881.PubMedPubMedCentral
96.
Mazzaferro V, Llovet JM, Miceli R, et al. Predicting survival after liver transplantation in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma beyond the Milan criteria: a retrospective, exploratory analysis. Lancet Oncol. 2009;10(1):35–43.PubMed
97.
Vitale A, Huo TL, Cucchetti A, et al. Survival benefit of liver transplantation versus resection for Hepatocellular carcinoma: impact of MELD score. Ann Surg Oncol. 2015;22(6):1901–7.PubMed
98.
El-Fattah MA. Hepatocellular carcinoma biology predicts survival outcome after liver transplantation in the USA. Indian J Gastroenterol. 2017;36(2):117–25.PubMed
99.
Vitale A, Cucchetti A, Qiao GL, et al. Is resectable hepatocellular carcinoma a contraindication to liver transplantation? A novel decision model based on “number of patients needed to transplant” as measure of transplant benefit. J Hepatol. 2014;60(6):1165–71.PubMed
100.
Jiang JH, Guo Z, Lu HF, et al. Adjuvant transarterial chemoembolization after curative resection of hepatocellular carcinoma: propensity score analysis. World J Gastroenterol. 2015;21(15):4627–34.PubMedPubMedCentral
101.
Goh BK, Chow PK, Teo JY, et al. Number of nodules, Child-Pugh status, margin positivity, and microvascular invasion, but not tumor size, are prognostic factors of survival after liver resection for multifocal hepatocellular carcinoma. J Gastrointest Surg. 2014;18(8):1477–85.PubMed
102.
Nishikawa H, Arimoto A, Wakasa T, Kita R, Kimura T, Osaki Y. Effect of transcatheter arterial chemoembolization prior to surgical resection for hepatocellular carcinoma. Int J Oncol. 2013;42(1):151–60.PubMed
103.
Renzulli M, Buonfiglioli F, Conti F, et al. Imaging features of microvascular invasion in hepatocellular carcinoma developed after direct-acting antiviral therapy in HCV-related cirrhosis. Eur Radiol. 2018;28(2):506–13.PubMed
104.
105.
Braunwarth E, Stattner S, Fodor M, et al. Surgical techniques and strategies for the treatment of primary liver tumours: hepatocellular and cholangiocellular carcinoma. Eur Surg. 2018;50(3):100–12.PubMedPubMedCentral
106.
Pereyra D, Starlinger P. Shaping the future of liver surgery: Implementation of experimental insights into liver regeneration. Eur Surg. 2018;50(3):132–6.PubMedPubMedCentral
107.
Zhou Y, Xu D, Wu L, Li B. Meta-analysis of anatomic resection versus nonanatomic resection for hepatocellular carcinoma. Langenbecks Arch Surg. 2011;396(7):1109–17.PubMed
108.
Okamura Y, Ito T, Sugiura T, Mori K, Uesaka K. Anatomic versus nonanatomic hepatectomy for a solitary hepatocellular carcinoma : a case-controlled study with propensity score matching. J Gastrointest Surg. 2014;18(11):1994–2002.PubMed
109.
Cucchetti A, Qiao GL, Cescon M, et al. Anatomic versus nonanatomic resection in cirrhotic patients with early hepatocellular carcinoma. Surgery. 2014;155(3):512–21.PubMed
110.
Zhao H, Chen C, Fu X, et al. Prognostic value of a novel risk classification of microvascular invasion in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma after resection. Oncotarget. 2017;8(3):5474–86.PubMed
111.
Marubashi S, Gotoh K, Akita H, et al. Anatomical versus non-anatomical resection for hepatocellular carcinoma. Br J Surg. 2015;102(7):776–84.PubMed
112.
Kishi Y, Hasegawa K, Kaneko J, et al. Resection of segment VIII for hepatocellular carcinoma. Br J Surg. 2012;99(8):1105–12.PubMed
113.
Hirokawa F, Hayashi M, Miyamoto Y, et al. Outcomes and predictors of microvascular invasion of solitary hepatocellular carcinoma. Hepatol Res. 2014;44(8):846–53.PubMed
114.
Hou YF, Li B, Wei YG, et al. Second Hepatectomy improves survival in patients with microvascular invasive hepatocellular carcinoma meeting the Milan criteria. Medicine. 2015;94(48):e2070.PubMedPubMedCentral
115.
Mehta N, Heimbach J, Harnois DM, et al. Validation of a risk estimation of tumor recurrence after transplant (RETREAT) score for Hepatocellular carcinoma recurrence after liver transplant. JAMA Oncol. 2017;3(4):493–500.PubMedPubMedCentral
116.
Suh SW, Lee JM, You T, et al. Hepatic venous congestion in living donor grafts in liver transplantation: is there an effect on hepatocellular carcinoma recurrence? Liver Transplant. 2014;20(7):784–90.
117.
Sun JJ, Wang K, Zhang CZ, et al. Postoperative adjuvant transcatheter arterial chemoembolization after R0 hepatectomy improves outcomes of patients who have hepatocellular carcinoma with Microvascular invasion. Ann Surg Oncol. 2016;23(4):1344–51.PubMed
118.
Jin YJ, Lee JW, Lee OH, et al. Transarterial chemoembolization versus surgery/radiofrequency ablation for recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma with or without microvascular invasion. J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2014;29(5):1056–64.PubMed
119.
Gao Z, Du G, Pang Y, et al. Adjuvant transarterial chemoembolization after radical resection contributed to the outcomes of hepatocellular carcinoma patients with high-risk factors. Medicine. 2017;96(33):e7426.PubMedPubMedCentral
120.
Wang L, Wang W, Yao X, et al. Postoperative adjuvant radiotherapy is associated with improved survival in hepatocellular carcinoma with microvascular invasion. Oncotarget. 2017;8(45):79971–81.PubMedPubMedCentral
121.
Kadam PD, Chuan HH. Erratum to: rectocutaneous fistula with transmigration of the suture: a rare delayed complication of vault fixation with the sacrospinous ligament. Int Urogynecol J Pelvic Floor Dysfunct. 2016;27(3):505.
122.
Finn RS, Zhu AX, Farah W, et al. Therapies for advanced stage hepatocellular carcinoma with macrovascular invasion or metastatic disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Hepatology. 2018;67(1):422–35.PubMed
123.
Wang SN, Chuang SC, Lee KT. Efficacy of sorafenib as adjuvant therapy to prevent early recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma after curative surgery: a pilot study. Hepatol Res. 2014;44(5):523–31.PubMed
124.
Bruix J, Takayama T, Mazzaferro V, et al. Adjuvant sorafenib for hepatocellular carcinoma after resection or ablation (STORM): a phase 3, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Lancet Oncol. 2015;16(13):1344–54.PubMed
125.
Elewa MA, Al-Gayyar MM, Schaalan MF, Abd El Galil KH, Ebrahim MA, El-Shishtawy MM. Hepatoprotective and anti-tumor effects of targeting MMP-9 in hepatocellular carcinoma and its relation to vascular invasion markers. Clin Exp Metastasis. 2015;32(5):479–93.PubMed
126.
Borderud SP, Li Y, Burkhalter JE, Sheffer CE, Ostroff JS. Electronic cigarette use among patients with cancer: characteristics of electronic cigarette users and their smoking cessation outcomes. Cancer. 2014;120(22):3527–35.PubMed
127.
Mazzaferro V, Romito R, Schiavo M, et al. Prevention of hepatocellular carcinoma recurrence with alpha-interferon after liver resection in HCV cirrhosis. Hepatology. 2006;44(6):1543–54.PubMed
128.
Chen R, Yu H, An Y‑L, Chen H‑J, Teng G‑J. Endothelial progenitor cells combined with cytosine deaminase-endostatin for suppression of liver carcinoma. J Biomed Nanotechnol. 2016;12(6):1174–82.PubMed
129.
Chen K, Xia Y, Wang H, Xiao F, Xiang G, Shen F. Adjuvant iodine-125 brachytherapy for hepatocellular carcinoma after complete hepatectomy: a randomized controlled trial. PLoS ONE. 2013;8(2):e57397.PubMedPubMedCentral
130.
Imai K, Yamashita YI, Yusa T, et al. Microvascular invasion in small-sized hepatocellular carcinoma: significance for outcomes following hepatectomy and radiofrequency ablation. Anticancer Res. 2018;38(2):1053–60.PubMed
131.
Meniconi RL, Komatsu S, Perdigao F, Boelle PY, Soubrane O, Scatton O. Recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma: a Western strategy that emphasizes the impact of pathologic profile of the first resection. Surgery. 2015;157(3):454–62.PubMed
Metadaten
Titel
Diagnosis and treatment of microvascular invasion in hepatocellular carcinoma
verfasst von
Rui-Sheng Ke, MD, PhD
Qiu-cheng Cai, MD, PhD
Yong-tai Chen, MD
Li-Zhi Lv, MD
Yi Jiang, MD, PhD
Publikationsdatum
18.03.2019
Verlag
Springer Vienna
Erschienen in
European Surgery / Ausgabe 2/2020
Print ISSN: 1682-8631
Elektronische ISSN: 1682-4016
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10353-019-0573-1

Weitere Artikel der Ausgabe 2/2020

Relationship of preoperative serum calcium and extent of neck surgery to postoperative hospital stay in patients with primary hyperparathyroidism and severe bone disease. A case series

  • original article

How disease looks at us

  • editorial

Differences in the recommendation of laparoscopic clinical practice guidelines according to the recommendation system—Re-evaluation using GRADE

  • Open Access
  • original article

Transanal total mesorectal excision and adverse conditions for laparoscopic total mesorectal excision

  • original article

Modified TAPP is the standard procedure for complex inguinal and femoral hernias: late results and patient satisfaction

  • original article