Skip to main content
Home
Zeitschriften
Zeitungen
Podcast
Gesundheitspolitik
Praxis
Allerlei
Jobs
Fachgebiete
Allgemeinmedizin Anästhesiologie & Intensivmedizin Apotheke Augenheilkunde Chirurgie Dermatologie Gynäkologie und Geburtshilfe HNO Innere Medizin Kinder & Jugendheilkunde Neurologie & Psychiatrie Orthopädie & Unfallchirurgie Pflege Urologie Zahnmedizin
Subfächer Innere Medizin
Diabetologie Gastroenterologie Infektiologie Kardiologie Onkologie und Hämatologie Pneumologie Rheumatologie
Fortbildungen
Überblick Fortbildungen DFP-Literaturstudium-Artikel DFP-Webcast Fortbildungen DFP-Podcasts
Erweiterte Suche
Anmelden
nach oben
European Surgery
Erschienen in:

01.10.2020 | review

Sentinel lymph node biopsy in breast cancer—an updated overview

verfasst von: Dr. Omar Hamdy, Omar Farouk, Adel El-Badrawy, Adel Denewer, Ahmed Setit

Erschienen in: European Surgery | Ausgabe 6/2020

Einloggen, um Zugang zu erhalten

Summary

Background

Sentinel lymphadenectomy has replaced axillary lymph node dissection as a staging tool in early breast cancer. To be accepted as a standard of care, it had to pass successfully through a long journey which started in the early 1990s.

Methods

We carried out a comprehensive literature review focusing on the journey of the use of sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) in breast cancer from its start until its current station, including the variable clinical applications, the current debates, and the future issues.

Results

Adoption of sentinel lymph node biopsy as a standard axillary staging procedure was a marvelous trend that helped to decrease the complications of axillary dissection and significantly improve the quality of life of patients with breast cancer. Various mapping techniques can be used for SLN localization, rendering oncology centers that have variable capabilities and preparations able to perform the procedure. This applies to specimen processing techniques as well. Many debates faced the researchers throughout the SLNB journey. They are all explained in the current article, in addition to the ongoing trials and the future aspects of SLNB in breast cancer.

Conclusion

Further research should be conducted to help resolve the clinical issues which are still debatable and to provide bases for improving the future trends which are progressing towards limiting the role of axillary dissection and axillary surgery to the minimum required level.
Vorheriger Artikel Closed-incision negative-pressure wound management in surgery—literature review and recommendations
Nächster Artikel Is fundoplication advisable in repair of para-oesophageal hernia? “Little operation” or “big operation”?
Literatur
1.
2.
He Z, Zhou Y, Wang F, Xu Q, Zhang W, Ni X, et al. Clinical value of postoperative sentinel lymph node biopsy. Ann Transl Med. 2019;7:683.PubMedPubMedCentral
3.
Tsujimoto M. Recent advances in sentinel node biopsy in breast surgery. Breast Cancer. 2015;22:211.PubMed
4.
Kuru B. The adventure of axillary treatment in early stage breast cancer. Turkish Federation of Breast Diseases Associations. Eur J Breast Health. 2020;16:1–15.PubMedPubMedCentral
5.
Gould EA, Winship T, Philbin PH, Kerr HH. Observations on a “sentinel node” in cancer of the parotid. Cancer. 1960;13:77–8.PubMed
6.
Cabanas RM. An approach for the treatment of penile carcinoma. Cancer. 1977;39:456–66.PubMed
7.
8.
Morton DL, Wen D‑R, Wong JH, Economou JS, Cagle LA, Storm FK, et al. Technical details of intraoperative lymphatic mapping for early stage melanoma. Arch Surg. 1992;127:392–9.PubMed
9.
Giuliano AE, Kirgan DM, Guenther JM, Morton DL. Lymphatic mapping and sentinel lymphadenectomy for breast cancer. Ann Surg. 1994;220:391.PubMedPubMedCentral
10.
11.
Giuliano AE, Dale PS, Turner RR, Morton DL, Evans SW, Krasne DL. Improved axillary staging of breast cancer with sentinel lymphadenectomy. Ann Surg. 1995;222:394–401.PubMedPubMedCentral
12.
Turner RR, Ollila DW, Krasne DL, Giuliano AE. Histopathologic validation of the sentinel lymph node hypothesis for breast carcinoma. Ann Surg. 1997;226:271–8.PubMedPubMedCentral
13.
14.
Zavagno G, De Salvo GL, Scalco G, Bozza F, Barutta L, Del Bianco P, et al. A Randomized clinical trial on sentinel lymph node biopsy versus axillary lymph node dissection in breast cancer: results of the Sentinella/GIVOM trial. Ann Surg. 2008;247:207–13.PubMed
15.
Veronesi U, Paganelli G, Viale G, Luini A, Zurrida S, Galimberti V, et al. Sentinel-lymph-node biopsy as a staging procedure in breast cancer: update of a randomised controlled study. Lancet Oncol. 2006;7:983–90.PubMed
16.
Purushotham AD, Upponi S, Klevesath MB, Bobrow L, Millar K, Myles JP, et al. Morbidity after sentinel lymph node biopsy in primary breast cancer: results from a randomized controlled trial. J Clin Oncol. 2005;23:4312–21.PubMed
17.
Ung OA. Australasian experience and trials in sentinel lymph node biopsy: the RACS SNAC trial. Asian J Surg. 2004;27:284–90.PubMed
18.
Veronesi U, Paganelli G, Viale G, Luini A, Zurrida S, Galimberti V, et al. A randomized comparison of sentinel-node biopsy with routine axillary dissection in breast cancer. N Engl J Med. 2003;349:546–53.PubMed
19.
Krag DN, Anderson SJ, Julian TB, Brown AM, Harlow SP, Ashikaga T, et al. Technical outcomes of sentinel-lymph-node resection and conventional axillary-lymph-node dissection in patients with clinically node-negative breast cancer: results from the NSABP B‑32 randomised phase III trial. Lancet Oncol. 2007;8:881–8.PubMed
20.
Mansel RE, Fallowfield L, Kissin M, Goyal A, Newcombe RG, Dixon JM, et al. Randomized multicenter trial of sentinel node biopsy versus standard axillary treatment in operable breast cancer: the ALMANAC Trial. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2006;98:599–609.PubMed
21.
Naik AM, Fey J, Gemignani M, Heerdt A, Montgomery L, Petrek J, et al. The risk of axillary relapse after sentinel lymph node biopsy for breast cancer is comparable with that of axillary lymph node dissection: a follow-up study of 4008 procedures. Ann Surg. 2004;240:462.PubMedPubMedCentral
22.
Canavese G, Catturich A, Vecchio C, Tomei D, Gipponi M, Villa G, et al. Sentinel node biopsy compared with complete axillary dissection for staging early breast cancer with clinically negative lymph nodes: results of randomized trial. Ann Oncol. 2009;20:1001–7.PubMed
23.
24.
Veronesi U, Viale G, Paganelli G, Zurrida S, Luini A, Galimberti V, et al. Sentinel lymph node biopsy in breast cancer: ten-year results of a randomized controlled study. Ann Surg. 2010;251:595–600.PubMed
25.
26.
Van der Ploeg IMC, Nieweg OE, Van Rijk MC, Olmos RAV, Kroon BBR. Axillary recurrence after a tumour-negative sentinel node biopsy in breast cancer patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis of the literature. Eur J Surg Oncol. 2008;34:1277–84.PubMed
27.
28.
29.
Bernardi S, Bertozzi S, Londero AP, Angione V, Petri R, Giacomuzzi F. Prevalence and risk factors of intraoperative identification failure of sentinel lymph nodes in patients affected by breast cancer. Nucl Med Commun. 2013;34:664–73.PubMed
30.
Dordea M, Colvin H, Cox P, Nicolas AP, Kanakala V, Iwuchukwu O. Clinical and histopathological factors affecting failed sentinel node localization in axillary staging for breast cancer. Surgeon. 2013;11:63–6.PubMed
31.
Nowikiewicz T, Kurylcio A, Polkowski W, Zegarski W. Imaging methods for the local lymphatic system of the axilla in early breast cancer in patients qualified for sentinel lymph node biopsy. Prz Menopauzalny. 2016;15:52.PubMedPubMedCentral
32.
33.
34.
Nandu VV, Chaudhari MS. Efficacy of sentinel lymph node biopsy in detecting axillary metastasis in breast cancer using methylene blue. Indian J Surg Oncol. 2017;8:109–12.PubMed
35.
36.
37.
Wu X, Lin Q, Chen G, Lu J, Zeng Y, Chen X, et al. Sentinel lymph node detection using carbon nanoparticles in patients with early breast cancer. Plos One. 2015;10:e135714–e135714.PubMedPubMedCentral
38.
39.
40.
Hamdy O, El-Badrawy A, Saleh GA, Metwally IH, Abdelwahab K, Farouk O, et al. Preoperative localization of sentinel lymph node in breast cancer patients by silver wire insertion or liquid charcoal injection guided by CT lymphography. Breast J. 2019; https://​doi.​org/​10.​1111/​tbj.​13511.CrossRefPubMed
41.
42.
Petropoulou T, Kapoula A, Mastoraki A, Politi A, Spanidou-Karvouni E, Psychogios I, et al. Imprint cytology versus frozen section analysis for intraoperative assessment of sentinel lymph node in breast cancer. Breast Cancer. 2017;9:325–30.PubMedPubMedCentral
43.
Marano A, Sodano B, Vitiello C, Martini AM, Baldassarre F, Siciliano A, et al. Sentinel lymph node biopsy with intraoperative touch imprint cytology (TIC) in breast cancer: experience of a mild-volume center. G Chir. 2020;41:94.PubMed
44.
45.
Giuliano AE, Hawes D, Ballman KV, Whitworth PW, Blumencranz PW, Reintgen DS, et al. Association of occult metastases in sentinel lymph nodes and bone marrow with survival among women with early-stage invasive breast cancer. JAMA. 2011;306:385–93.PubMedPubMedCentral
46.
Galimberti V, Cole BF, Zurrida S, Viale G, Luini A, Veronesi P, et al. Axillary dissection versus no axillary dissection in patients with sentinel-node micrometastases (IBCSG 23–01): a phase 3 randomised controlled trial. Lancet Oncol. 2013;14:297–305.PubMedPubMedCentral
47.
48.
Galimberti V, Cole BF, Viale G, Veronesi P, Vicini E, Intra M, et al. Axillary dissection versus no axillary dissection in patients with breast cancer and sentinel-node micrometastases (IBCSG 23-01): 10-year follow-up of a randomised, controlled phase 3 trial. Lancet Oncol. 2018;19:1385–93. https://​doi.​org/​10.​1016/​S1470-2045(18)30380-2.CrossRefPubMed
49.
Cardoso F, Kyriakides S, Ohno S, Penault-Llorca F, Poortmans P, Rubio IT, et al. Early breast cancer: ESMO Clinical Practice Guidelines for diagnosis, treatment and follow-up. Ann Oncol. 2019;30:1194–220.PubMed
50.
51.
Takei H, Suemasu K, Kurosumi M, Horii Y, Yoshida T, Ninomiya J, et al. Recurrence after sentinel lymph node biopsy with or without axillary lymph node dissection in patients with breast cancer. Breast Cancer. 2007;14:16–24.PubMed
52.
Hwang RF, Gonzalez-Angulo AM, Yi M, Buchholz TA, Meric-Bernstam F, Kuerer HM, et al. Low locoregional failure rates in selected breast cancer patients with tumor-positive sentinel lymph nodes who do not undergo completion axillary dissection. Cancer. 2007;110:723–30.PubMed
53.
Zakaria S, Pantvaidya G, Reynolds CA, Grant CS, Sterioff S, Donohue JH, et al. Sentinel node positive breast cancer patients who do not undergo axillary dissection: Are they different? Surgery. 2008;143:641–7.PubMed
54.
Spiguel L, Yao K, Winchester DJ, Gorchow A, Du H, Sener SF, et al. Sentinel node biopsy alone for node-positive breast cancer: 12-year experience at a single institution. J Am Coll Surg. 2011;213:122–8.PubMed
55.
Park J, Fey JV, Naik AM, Borgen PI, Van Zee KJ, Cody HS III. A declining rate of completion axillary dissection in sentinel lymph node-positive breast cancer patients is associated with the use of a multivariate nomogram. Ann Surg. 2007;245:462.PubMedPubMedCentral
56.
Bilimoria KY, Bentrem DJ, Hansen NM, Bethke KP, Rademaker AW, Ko CY, et al. Comparison of sentinel lymph node biopsy alone and completion axillary lymph node dissection for node-positive breast cancer. J Clin Oncol. 2009;27:2946–53.PubMed
57.
Yi M, Giordano SH, Meric-Bernstam F, Mittendorf EA, Kuerer HM, Hwang RF, et al. Trends in and outcomes from sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) alone vs. SLNB with axillary lymph node dissection for node-positive breast cancer patients: experience from the SEER database. Ann Surg Oncol. 2010;17:343–51.PubMedPubMedCentral
58.
59.
Giuliano AE, McCall L, Beitsch P, Whitworth PW, Blumencranz P, Leitch AM, et al. Locoregional recurrence after sentinel lymph node dissection with or without axillary dissection in patients with sentinel lymph node metastases: the American College of Surgeons Oncology Group Z0011 randomized trial. Ann Surg. 2010;252:423–6.
60.
Giuliano AE, Ballman KV, McCall L, Beitsch PD, Brennan MB, Kelemen PR, et al. Effect of axillary dissection vs no axillary dissection on 10-year overall survival among women with invasive breast cancer and sentinel node metastasis: the ACOSOG Z0011 (Alliance) randomized clinical trial. JAMA. 2017;318:918–26.PubMedPubMedCentral
61.
Donker M, van Tienhoven G, Straver ME, Meijnen P, van de Velde CJH, Mansel RE, et al. Radiotherapy or surgery of the axilla after a positive sentinel node in breast cancer (EORTC 10981-22023 AMAROS): a randomised, multicentre, open-label, phase 3 non-inferiority trial. Lancet Oncol. 2014;15:1303–10.PubMedPubMedCentral
62.
Savolt A, Peley G, Polgar C, Udvarhelyi N, Rubovszky G, Kovacs E, et al. Eight-year follow up result of the OTOASOR trial: the Optimal Treatment Of the Axilla—Surgery Or Radiotherapy after positive sentinel lymph node biopsy in early-stage breast cancer: A randomized, single centre, phase III, non-inferiority trial. Eur J Surg Oncol. 2017;43:672–9.PubMed
63.
64.
65.
66.
67.
68.
69.
70.
Hunt KK, Yi M, Mittendorf EA, Guerrero C, Babiera GV, Bedrosian I, et al. Sentinel lymph node surgery after neoadjuvant chemotherapy is accurate and reduces the need for axillary dissection in breast cancer patients. Ann Surg. 2009;250:558–66.PubMed
71.
Classe J‑M, Loaec C, Gimbergues P, Alran S, de Lara CT, Dupre PF, et al. Sentinel lymph node biopsy without axillary lymphadenectomy after neoadjuvant chemotherapy is accurate and safe for selected patients: the GANEA 2 study. Breast Cancer Res Treat. 2019;173:343–52. https://​doi.​org/​10.​1007/​s10549-018-5004-7.CrossRefPubMed
72.
Hamdy O. Neoadjuvant therapy should be the standard of care for every node positive breast cancer patient. J Breast Cancer. 2019;22:149–52.PubMed
73.
Lyman GH, Temin S, Edge SB, Newman LA, Turner RR, Weaver DL, et al. Sentinel lymph node biopsy for patients with early-stage breast cancer: American Society of Clinical Oncology clinical practice guideline update. J Clin Oncol. 2014;32:1365–83.PubMed
74.
Kuehn T, Bauerfeind I, Fehm T, Fleige B, Hausschild M, Helms G, et al. Sentinel-lymph-node biopsy in patients with breast cancer before and after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (SENTINA): a prospective, multicentre cohort study. Lancet Oncol. 2013;14:609–18.PubMed
75.
Boughey JC, Suman VJ, Mittendorf EA, Ahrendt GM, Wilke LG, Taback B, et al. Sentinel lymph node surgery after neoadjuvant chemotherapy in patients with node-positive breast cancer: the ACOSOG Z1071 (Alliance) clinical trial. JAMA. 2013;310:1455–61.PubMedPubMedCentral
76.
Boileau J‑F, Poirier B, Basik M, Holloway CMB, Gaboury L, Sideris L, et al. Sentinel node biopsy after neoadjuvant chemotherapy in biopsy-proven node-positive breast cancer: the SN FNAC study. J Clin Oncol. 2015;33:258–64.PubMed
77.
Tee SR, Devane LA, Evoy D, Rothwell J, Geraghty J, Prichard RS, et al. Meta-analysis of sentinel lymph node biopsy after neoadjuvant chemotherapy in patients with initial biopsy-proven node-positive breast cancer. Br J Surg. 2018;105:1541–52. https://​doi.​org/​10.​1002/​bjs.​10986.CrossRefPubMed
78.
Boughey JC, Ballman KV, Le-Petross HT, McCall LM, Mittendorf EA, Ahrendt GM, et al. Identification and resection of the clipped node decreases the false negative rate of sentinel lymph node surgery in patients presenting with node positive breast cancer (T0-T4, N1-2) who receive neoadjuvant chemotherapy—results from ACOSOG Z1071. Ann Surg. 2016;263:802.PubMed
79.
Mamounas ETP. Optimal management of the axilla: a look at the evidence. Adv Surg. 2016;50:29–40.PubMed
80.
81.
82.
Donker M, Straver ME, Wesseling J, Loo CE, Schot M, Drukker CA, et al. Marking axillary lymph nodes with radioactive iodine seeds for axillary staging after neoadjuvant systemic treatment in breast cancer patients: the MARI procedure. Ann Surg. 2015;261:378–82.PubMed
83.
van Nijnatten TJA, Simons JM, Smidt ML, van der Pol CC, van Diest PJ, Jager A, et al. A novel less-invasive approach for axillary staging after neoadjuvant chemotherapy in patients with axillary node-positive breast cancer by combining radioactive iodine seed localization in the Axilla with the sentinel node procedure (RISAS): a Dutch pros. Clin Breast Cancer. 2017;17:399–402.PubMed
84.
85.
Caudle AS, Yang WT, Krishnamurthy S, Mittendorf EA, Black DM, Gilcrease MZ, et al. Improved axillary evaluation following neoadjuvant therapy for patients with node-positive breast cancer using selective evaluation of clipped nodes: implementation of targeted axillary dissection. J Clin Oncol. 2016;34:1072–8.PubMedPubMedCentral
86.
87.
Natsiopoulos I, Intzes S, Liappis T, Zarampoukas K, Zarampoukas T, Zacharopoulou V, et al. Axillary lymph node tattooing and targeted axillary dissection in breast cancer patients who presented as cN+ before neoadjuvant chemotherapy and became cN0 after treatment. Clin Breast Cancer. 2019;19:208–15.PubMed
88.
89.
90.
91.
92.
de Boniface J, Frisell J, Andersson Y, Bergkvist L, Ahlgren J, Ryden L, et al. Survival and axillary recurrence following sentinel node-positive breast cancer without completion axillary lymph node dissection: the randomized controlled SENOMAC trial. BMC Cancer. 2017;17:379.PubMedPubMedCentral
93.
94.
95.
Gentilini O, Veronesi U. Abandoning sentinel lymph node biopsy in early breast cancer? A new trial in progress at the European Institute of Oncology of Milan (SOUND: Sentinel node vs Observation after axillary UltraSouND). Breast. 2012;21:678–81.PubMed
96.
Henke G, Knauer M, Ribi K, Hayoz S, Gérard M‑A, Ruhstaller T, et al. Tailored axillary surgery with or without axillary lymph node dissection followed by radiotherapy in patients with clinically node-positive breast cancer (TAXIS): study protocol for a multicenter, randomized phase-III trial. Trials. 2018;19:667. https://​doi.​org/​10.​1186/​s13063-018-3021-9.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
97.
98.
99.
Shi F, Zhang Q, Liang Z, Zhang M, Liu X. One-step nucleic acid amplification assay is an accurate technique for sentinel lymph node biopsy of breast cancer patients: a meta-analysis. Br J Cancer. 2017;117:1185–91.PubMedPubMedCentral
100.
Metadaten
Titel
Sentinel lymph node biopsy in breast cancer—an updated overview
verfasst von
Dr. Omar Hamdy
Omar Farouk
Adel El-Badrawy
Adel Denewer
Ahmed Setit
Publikationsdatum
01.10.2020
Verlag
Springer Vienna
Erschienen in
European Surgery / Ausgabe 6/2020
Print ISSN: 1682-8631
Elektronische ISSN: 1682-4016
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10353-020-00665-w

Weitere Artikel der Ausgabe 6/2020

Is fundoplication advisable in repair of para-oesophageal hernia? “Little operation” or “big operation”?

  • original article

Refractory hypoglycemia associated with giant solitary fibrous tumor of the pleura (Doege–Potter syndrome)

  • case report

Closed-incision negative-pressure wound management in surgery—literature review and recommendations

  • Open Access
  • review

Telemedicine in the COVID-19 era: the new normal

  • letter to the editor

Multidisciplinary Management of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease

  • book review

Fibroblast growth factor 8 overexpression is predictive of poor prognosis in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma

  • Open Access
  • original article